Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. NO. 27. , A . FLORA OF NEVADA, LOASACEAE OF: NEVADA - by Rogers McVaugh March 15, 1941. Issued by -The-Division ef Plant Exploration and Introduction, ~— Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S: Department of Asriculture, Washington, D. C. Work Projects Administration of Nevada, Projects, 0. P. 65-2-01- -13, W. P. 658: 0. Pp, “165-2- ~O4-21, W. P. +752. Collaborator University of Nevada. "Address: all ‘queriés concernins. this publication to the Division Fae a ae Introduction Buresu of Piant ee gs Rel . CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD A FLORA OF NEVADA. NO. 27. Rogers McVaugh March 15, 1941. . Issued by rs The Division of Plant Exploration and Introduction, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, ; Washington, D. C. “ Work Projects Administration of Nevada, ; Projects, 0. P. 65-2-O4-13, W. P. 656; O. P. 165+2-04-21, W. P. 752. Collaborator University of Nevada. Address all queries concerning this publication to the Division ; of Plant Exploration and Introduction Bureau of Plant Industry, - U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. > Pree eae ers ) Phe elite i I ' ad ’ ee j ‘ be - mer 4 2 i ‘ ayl rad | Ey . ~ Rae Awe Celtis mi 73 Ore ame ge Day ive n yen j y Wf + n eo * ‘ i oa F ’ . 's A a . + A F f ‘ ' 4 7 ; ‘ j if { = . fp. ay : ‘ . ” $ t ay iis 2 e Ses wt aes . . £ cH . ? . ; a P ad ” = ’ ry ¥ Ch aa \ i en,’ t »: . ‘ LOASACEAE OF NEVADA By Rogers McVaugh Coarse herbs or low shrubs with very rough foliage or with stinging hairs and often with white deciduous bark. Leaves al- ternate, entire to pinnatifid. Flowers perfect; calyx-lobes 5; petals 5 (sometimes apparently more because of the dilated and petaloid filaments), distinct or nearly so. Stamens few to many, inserted with the petals on the base of the calyx-tube. Ovary unilocular, inferior, often overtopped by the calyx-tube. Seeds 1 to many. Fruit &@ capsule, dehiscent at apex or irregularly. Style 1, entire or cleft. KEY TO THE GENERA 1. Stamens 5; style 1, undivided; seed 1 only; plants usually de- finitely shrubby - -------+-+-+-+-+--- 1. Petalonyx. 1. Stamens 10 to 100 or more; style various; seeds few to many; | plants herbs®eous, often coarse - - ----+--+-+--+--- 2 2. Style 5-cleft; placentae 5; plants armed with stinging hairs ----+-+---+-+-+-+-+--+----- 4. Eucnide. 2. Style 3-cleft at apex; placentae 4; plants rough, but with- Be ete Berea 2 a oS eS ee ee 2. Mentzelia. bay ; ef i Tee \ iy i ol i ny * y 1 i Ps 4 ; ; / j i my ¢ a ' ante ‘ \ B} I ga 4) ¥ 1, ah j 5 - if i my oni, i rk if y aBhiie | 4% Wie « ei ite PM } i yr i * fui a, " oar uy ik, 1 UNE i —“~ ‘ . ni ii mane pe of) Ai ——— 72. —- —_ | | 1. PETALONYX A. Gray Low shrubs or coarse herbs with woody bases. Leaves very rough, entire or toothed. Flowers white or yellow. Petals 5, connivent at base so that the corolla appears tubular. Stamens distinct, long-exserted. Ovary linear, the capsule oblong and irregularly dehiscent, KEY TO THE SPECIES 1. Leaves petiolate, the petiole sometimes not more than 1 m, long; blades usually toothed, 1.5-3 cm. long - - - - - - - 2 2. Inflorescence corymbose, much-branched near tips of branches; calyx-lobes 1.5-2 mm. long - - -l. P. nitidus. 2. Inflorescence racemose, the flowers in spikes 2-& cm, long; spikes usually unbranched; calyx-lobes 3-4 mm, 1. Leaves sessile, the base broad and often cordate and sub- clasping; blades usually less than 1.5 cm. long. 3. PB. Thurberi. 1. PETALONYX NITIDUS S. Wats. Am. Nat. 7: 300. 187%. Plants bush-like, with a woody base. Stems 40 cm. high or less, green. Leaves ovate, acute at tip, truncate to rounded or acute at base, with prominent firm margins. Pet- ioles 1-5 mm. long. Blades sinuate or sharply dentate, with 1-5 teeth on each side of the midrib. Inflorescence dense, more or less flat-topped, 1-5 cm. wide and high. Corolla 6-8 (0h Be baa a . ‘ aya » , Crab " at hp eel. ‘ ut » ‘ Ha Ot i is Uf, - A Rat ent Bice Macs wh ‘ oF heey ‘ Sy iy . = F ae pat 5 By, r ‘J (ee aa 5 ; Q d . ( : . 7 a ee aa Pyne e ‘ ‘i i eee ree * ‘ fF a . nae b Shoes Bh chs . Beat ni aes ‘ 5 . . ne 8 edn fabs sh : ~ Meise Salle, in See gah it ys . 4 A cee 4 aan : : Bi ee y ve fie y " wSCrg BS y 4 ‘ i "i . i . . cor or i y i 6 . a ies A via ce A : a . Oued ° = F ory . A 4 "tas A 3 Bats f : Berti oe ay “ : : 5 rf etn 3 ee " cH ri ue 3 " fe cr . ¥ can, ; Ki . Bey \< i : ; 4 qn tas epaht Cae : am i F e) : , , rye i CHa a ‘ ig aa nth es J . . Oty ime J . f ba ie ‘ i a A i es eh di Y ‘ , Z oy aint s Perry any \ 1 ae 4 = ys LS aa fe is paras A ne oi wie we x ah Wr g * x Wt a . 6 a 4 aos . ‘ z cs to : fe he A : ‘ . K Mo = oe 4 ‘ - . ” tne Ona i von 4 a he - Se en wt . a i : : A : " sh pee : ‘ “ah ‘ . . " t Seb ere ¢ TU ae ” , % f y Pera 4 eh? oN éh ; re os OF. Fi : Eup s oN % G h : 5 Fs eo : i arts ‘ R . alle se ‘ rave é . « sale: , ig 1) id rit ri) 4 . ” a Cuctite ria abe ete Rss . rs {yaa Peale Phil \ Re Hs a hp ¢ Bld at SS % i re Blea ; hapa - De bested ‘ hake y 7 4 ” 4 - , 2 F . ‘ Oe A eT ea ith eG IB IAG eT i : a + é ’ eae ane Ohein : 3 Rue ANY ica é tf 3 Riis Se oe mm. long, white. Desert canyons, southwestern Utah to southern California. Grows on cliffs or in gravelly washes, at elevations of 900- 2000 meters. Nevada: Clark County. The type was collected in southern Nevada by the Wheeler Expedition, in 1871 or 1872. PETALONYX PARRYI A. Gray, Proc. Amer: Acad, 10: 72. 1874. Low much-branched shrubs 25 cm. high or less; bark of the young branches pale brown, freely peeling off; bark of the old stems gray, rough, longitudinally ridged. Leaves ovate or elliptic, acute or blunt at tip, acute to rounded or trun- cate at base, with prominent firm margins. Petioles 2 mn. long or less, stout. Blades sinuate or dentate with 5-10 rounded or poihted teeth on each side of the midrib. Racemes dense, many-flowered, the bracts soon scarious end conspic- uous. Corolle 8-10 mm. long, white. Desert areas and canyons, southwestern Utah and southern Nevada, at elevations of 375-750 meters. The type was col- lected by Parry et St. George, Utah. Nevada: Clark and Lincoln Counties. PETALONYX THURBERI A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. ser. 2, 5: 319. 1454, Plants bushy, much-branched, woody at base, up to lnm. high and 2 m. across; stems green, straw-colored at base. i p "Maou ‘ a oh ‘ ; \ ae Be a aid ¢ Biihehel Nid Weg! pia ve i i ‘ On ag Wed es balls Neogaihc , Con Ja i! a“ . ‘: Ata ay ” - ai, aw 4 ramen seat i ae a ' ; pl: NG Hh DAO tesa ease Satie Hi at tin . HL ip sin {ie ea eh : ¥ M he ' Hh: a ‘ rt wane aes aa fy ‘ i * gs aS Mint a # PY THANE Ya 4 Ms % Mi : . AN de) Ba \ : 4 MA Md RAAT RE A Te 4 le a aE | aah OE MMU EE yc a | danlon \ oa tee) WGUse I ORR A tpi of i + AB ny @ aise oe TARR A a a) aR ROA 5 ATU AB NS a Ap t { i \ ‘ wit / ia , Me \ PN aw BNW ee Lee iene “wiheh Se ae BOO ey His ra Cra ie ameee a — Leaves numerous on the upper parts of the branches, ovate to lanceolate, acute or blunt at tip; those on the branches usually entire or nearly so, and not more than 1 cm. long. Inflorescence consisting of a dense few-flowered cluster at the tip of each branch. Corolla 4-5 mm. long, cream-colored or greenish-white. Sandy washes and dunes, desert plains and canyons, western Arizona to southern Nevada and southern California, at 300- 1200 meters elevation. Nevada: Clark County. 2. MENTZELIA L. Herbs, often coarse. Flowers white or yellow. Leaves rough, entire to pinnatifid. Flowers solitary or in cymose clusters, white or yellow; petals distinct, 5, or apparently more because of the dilated outer filaments. Fruit a linear, oblong, cylindrical or ovoid capsule, surmounted by the free rim of the calyx, or this almost none. Calyx-lobes often deciduous in fruit. (Reference: Darlington, Josephine. A Monograph of the Genus Mentzelia. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 21: 103-226. 1934). KEY TO THE SPECIES 1. Filaments broadened and cuspidate at apex, the anthers borne on the central cusp, the two lateral cusps naked - - - - = 2 2. Bracts narrow, green and leaf-like - - - - 11. M. tricuspis. . ¥ ‘ ald td \ ois rm we ™ ve 2. Bracts ovate, white, scarious, membranaceous with green margins and midveins - ------=-=- M. involucratea . (see list of excluded species) . 1. Filements filiform or dilated and petaloid, but not cuspi- date ----+-+------------ ee - ee er eee ee 3 3. Petals 40-80 mm. long - --------- 1. M. laevicaulis. 3. Petals 25 mm. long or less - --------------- - 4, At least the outer filaments dilated, more or less pet- aloid; plants biennial or perennial; seeds usually numerous (50-80) ----------------- 5 5. Stem glabrous, white, polished; leaves entire; petals white; seeds obovate-rotund. 2. M. polite. 5. Stem pubescent or, if nearly glabrous, the leaves deeply sinuete-dentate or pinnatifid; petals yellow; seeds prominently winged - ----+=- - 6 6. Leaves very white with a close felt-like vu- bescence; blades entire or nearly so, thick, the margins revolute. 3. M. leucophylia. 6. Leaves ereen, not persistently white-pubes- cent; blades usually toothed - ------ ff 7. Petals 8-11 mm. long; capsule 9-12 mm. Sal Petaie obtuse = = -« = = « 5. M. puberula. &. Petals acute - 4. M. pumila var. procera. i f " Py < ahh fe at : Wy eae or an Be y ; uy rit gem i “tie |) Aifek. i PS i eh $e 24 ry my 1H >a es tae PE RNAS r WER fh YS, : Mo I fen sate wal bite ; i : ‘ +f 4 Pubes aay, + eS 4 4 rn ere re wah ise! ‘ ; ; iy s : . vw iy i v7 . Pk rt y ‘ t t a , ; a 7 mn i ae j ronuaeter ioe ' We 3 of Dead +o en ‘ects cp f Sah Am Wak - - } i : Lia ; be & ri? ® in mee te a ae we _ be} AK) . oF A | G oy : \ eae fail ¥ i ts i) 24 ‘6 ‘ rf ge aes wt ‘ cor Tae rie 4 an "7 iy oe me et ee ms 7 ‘ aes Ai ee baal : | ina : i 3 sy nate ee ‘ 7” f i aie vate ee me aeaaen. TS oa | i | Hi F : ‘i a - : iP ime i We eas: | eee) “wid eh ra | sain Cypeaien oa - . an | | F * v \ bd as a ih ' bey inate Tre i aia rat pio Lb adel Dt Sie, ae Hb Sie | } ; ' } Pug api i ‘ 4 om ae ee r x4 rae Behl : Vs (wl 4 ; . ; | ; “ it on. ay eo ‘ rt a i ( oD t ‘ F ma . . . * , f ’ : h i ; E ‘| Vad hay tl ne i 5 ‘ ve eo ihe in i 7 gid H( pens Fe bdeb sd | a | “ , a : / 4 d ; 4 ! 4 cae re ve inti tie eh abil ae . : | | | ; ; ’ , - t 7 ' - vd ' rs, | . yy 7 if i" ( 5 eee ‘ ra Wp acy cS ; 3 ta | ae - Bb ‘ y ; pend nt ; : gi ok 6 ; ; Pik : ; y r ; hy i > or F BL dls aia “} ‘ ‘i a ey ae } &: ‘ rs : " i 4 ih } , TB \ Pe, Oe a a ' a), Meo aa yet : re a Une a Mi | Mi AR a a ’ i ‘ ee hy 5 ‘ ] a f LES k ae ak x be A tuht oD eas o Hd yh A a ha bin of ‘ ‘ on Hie OF Mp4: oa Ne eg } ' ae 2m ug phy | ’ i Noe eo ae TE se {i “i 1 ' iy. , x aah "Satan a Shi sorats Ce lain VE EE faa Tartar Oe Yi OUD ae Ok Oe IPs : . et y ; : \ ) 1 : i mo Mt Ce ae ee te ay r PY S y I ih M 2 , i? Ty eet a } \ 5 \ beat f i ue m Pd p i i Peay a am en Cah ae ae oe Ve be : : ; a Ot , am tia ' ; ry. i x ‘I 4 baa i &, q Re sy ' bt COT alas elie ceded! 9 7- Petals 12-20 mm. long; capsule 15-20 m. 9. Leaves entire or slightly dentate. M. integra. (see list of excluded species). 9, Leaves sinuate-dentate to pinnately toothed or lobed - - M. multiflora. (see list of excluded species). u. Filaments all filiform (or the bases sometimes del- toid); plants annual or perennial; seeds few to 10. Capsule ovoid, 6 mm. long or less (10 mm. long or less, including the persistent neck of the calyx); leaves rigid, more or less spine- tipped ---------+-+-+-- 6. M. Torreyi. 10. Capsule linear to ellipsoid or oblong, 7-35 m. long; leaves not rigid and spine-tipped - - ll ll. Bracts subtending the flowers ovate, the cen- tral portion becoming scarious and white- membranaceous; inflorescence usually more or less congested, the flowers concealed ; by the Breete- -« < «= «= « « 9. M. congesta. . 11. Subtending bracts linear-lanceolate, green; inflorescence not congested, or, if so, | not concealed by bracts - - ----=- 12 12. Seeds regularly and sharply angled (usually 3-angled) appearing smooth or cvbmetaente vera eu ? ‘ a nih md be ad Fem: i H i (sy 1 f i ces CO Mae: Sey ee ‘ay Nay aH NM AO REE a cad dowd Diet a nonad ot hid monet tie, anew yet | aboow Lay Lamverod i 0) funn: wriels ‘(hase * ‘Ot iT ol. gt gap ti clk ae ea Cn fe een Ne Sa” hi hac ~ i Be CR hehe ee “siete CLD NN Lae nook: i re cbtowe wh iy qh i : ‘0 : ‘ { nee) niin 0 ne a ie ne. weed “a orton. Okay: word 4 (eeoen Tor aM a © said okie neha Male - oc ESF anki? we Boman tty hl memati, sued: at Tae pate’ it aa Be hina = fou suoyeed, speck nie abt: coker genre | oft ot : abbneddi atoms it nin tt eres eat eave yatasond:ackag batt ee co ae ee yng ROTA Maaco nM Fy Ok ees th si een m7 : J 7 nearly so, deeply grooved on each of the three angles - - - 10. M. dispersa. 12. Seeds irregularly angled, usually evi- dently tuberculate, not grooved on the angles or somewhat so on one angle ------+-+-+-+--+---4-- 14 13. Petals (5) 7-14 mm. long. 8. M. gracilenta. 13. Petals 2-6 mm. long. 7. M. albicaulis, 1. MENTZELIA LAEVICAULIS (Dougl. ex Hook.) Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1: 535. 1640. Bartonia laevicaulis Dougl. ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 221. 1834. Nuttallia laevicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Greene, Leafl. 1: 210. 1906. Mentzelia ecuminata (Rydb.) Tidestr. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 25: 363. 1925. Coarse erect perennials, 40-100 cm. high; stems shining white, nearly glabrous. Leaves sessile, lanceolate or ob- lanceolate, coarsely toothed or pinnately lobed. Flowers terminal, sessile; petals 5, showy, pale yellow. Capsule 3-4 em. long; seeds winged, grayish-brown, 2-3.5 mm. long. 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